diff --git a/homeassistant/components/matter/fan.py b/homeassistant/components/matter/fan.py
index 4863cc24f1eb..4981f7aadc4c 100644
--- a/homeassistant/components/matter/fan.py
+++ b/homeassistant/components/matter/fan.py
@@ -39,6 +39,12 @@ FAN_MODE_MAP_REVERSE = {v: k for k, v in FAN_MODE_MAP.items()}
 PRESET_NATURAL_WIND = "natural_wind"
 PRESET_SLEEP_WIND = "sleep_wind"
 
+# Some devices report 255 for PercentCurrent instead of their actual speed
+# while FanMode is Auto. This is not part of the Matter spec (which says the
+# device should keep reporting its real current speed, see spec 4.4.6.1.2 and
+# 4.4.6.4), but we need to work around it regardless.
+PERCENT_CURRENT_AUTO_QUIRK = 255
+
 
 async def async_setup_entry(
     hass: HomeAssistant,
@@ -207,9 +213,9 @@ class MatterFan(MatterEntity, FanEntity):
         current_percent = self.get_matter_attribute_value(
             clusters.FanControl.Attributes.PercentCurrent
         )
-        # NOTE that a device may give back 255 as a special value to indicate that
-        # the speed is under automatic control and not set to a specific value.
-        self._attr_percentage = None if current_percent == 255 else current_percent
+        self._attr_percentage = (
+            None if current_percent == PERCENT_CURRENT_AUTO_QUIRK else current_percent
+        )
 
         # get preset mode from fan mode (and wind feature if available)
         wind_setting = self.get_matter_attribute_value(
@@ -242,7 +248,7 @@ class MatterFan(MatterEntity, FanEntity):
         # keep track of the last known mode for turn_on commands without preset
         if self._attr_preset_mode is not None:
             self._last_known_preset_mode = self._attr_preset_mode
-        if current_percent and current_percent != 255:
+        if current_percent and current_percent != PERCENT_CURRENT_AUTO_QUIRK:
             self._last_known_percentage = current_percent
 
     @callback
diff --git a/tests/components/matter/test_fan.py b/tests/components/matter/test_fan.py
index 573a8d2698c2..67e5f9614230 100644
--- a/tests/components/matter/test_fan.py
+++ b/tests/components/matter/test_fan.py
@@ -134,10 +134,11 @@ async def test_fan_turn_on_with_percentage(
         attribute_path="1/514/2",
         value=50,
     )
-    # test again where percentage is omitted in the service call
-    # PercentCurrent is 255 (auto) on this fixture, which is not a valid
-    # value to write back, so it should fall back to the last known preset
-    # mode instead of blindly replaying the sentinel value.
+    # test again where percentage is omitted in the service call.
+    # This fixture's PercentCurrent is 255, a device-specific quirk value
+    # (not part of the Matter spec) that is not valid to write back, so it
+    # should fall back to the last known preset mode instead of blindly
+    # replaying that sentinel value.
     matter_client.write_attribute.reset_mock()
     await hass.services.async_call(
         FAN_DOMAIN,
@@ -153,6 +154,33 @@ async def test_fan_turn_on_with_percentage(
     )
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("expected_lingering_tasks", [True])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("node_fixture", ["mock_air_purifier"])
+async def test_fan_turn_on_replays_last_known_percentage(
+    hass: HomeAssistant,
+    matter_client: MagicMock,
+    matter_node: MatterNode,
+) -> None:
+    """Test that a bare turn_on replays a real last known percentage."""
+    entity_id = "fan.mock_air_purifier"
+    # simulate the device confirming a real (non-quirk) speed
+    set_node_attribute(matter_node, 1, 514, 3, 70)
+    await trigger_subscription_callback(hass, matter_client)
+
+    await hass.services.async_call(
+        FAN_DOMAIN,
+        SERVICE_TURN_ON,
+        {ATTR_ENTITY_ID: entity_id},
+        blocking=True,
+    )
+    assert matter_client.write_attribute.call_count == 1
+    assert matter_client.write_attribute.call_args == call(
+        node_id=matter_node.node_id,
+        attribute_path="1/514/2",
+        value=70,
+    )
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("expected_lingering_tasks", [True])
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("node_fixture", ["mock_fan"])
 async def test_fan_turn_on_with_preset_mode(